Global Existence and Incompressible Limit for Compressible Navier-Stokes Equations with Large Bulk Viscosity Coefficient and Large Initial Data

For periodic initial data with the density allowing vacuum, we establish the global existence and exponential decay of weak, strong and classical solutions to the two-dimensional(2D) compressible Navier-Stokes equations when the bulk viscosity coefficient is sufficiently large, without any extra restrictions on initial velocity divergence. Moreover, we demonstrate that when the bulk viscosity coefficient tends to infinity, these solutions converge to solutions to the inhomogeneous incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. For the incompressible limit of weak solutions, our results hold even without requiring the initial velocity field to be divergence-free. Our results are established by introducing time-layers to avoid imposing restrictions on the initial velocity divergence, along with estimates of $L^\infty$ norm of the effective viscous flux $G$ via a time-partitioning approach based on Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequality.