English

Global Anisotropies of $\Omega_\Lambda$

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics 2024-06-04 v1

Abstract

An analysis of the Cosmological Constant ΩΛ\Omega_\Lambda fitted to subsamples of the Pantheon+ Type Ia SN sample spanning 2π\pi sterradians for a grid of 432 pole positions covering the whole sky reveals two large scale asymmetries. One of them is closely aligned with the Galactic North-South direction and the other points approximately towards RA217.5\sim 217.5^\circ Dec26.4\sim -26.4^\circ, \sim50.9 degrees from the CMB dipole Apex. The signal to noise ratio (S/N) of the multiple ΩΛ\Omega_\Lambda measurements in these directions is 3.23.2\lesssim S/N 8.4\lesssim 8.4. The first asymmetry is puzzling, and would indicate a systematic effect related with the distribution of Pantheon+ SNe on the sky and, probably, how the correction for reddening in the Galaxy is calculated. The second one, which entails a 2.8-σ\sigma tension between ΩΛ\Omega_\Lambda measure in opposite directions, bears strong implications on its interpretation as Dark Energy: It is consistent with the prediction for tilted observers located in a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe who could measure an acceleration or a deceleration with a dipolar asymmetry, irrespective of what the universe as a whole is doing. In this case, ΩΛ\Omega_\Lambda would not be a physical entity, a real Dark Energy, but an apparent effect associated with the relativistic frame of reference transformation.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2406.00273,
  title  = {Global Anisotropies of $\Omega_\Lambda$},
  author = {Alejandro Clocchiatti and Ósmar Rodríguez and Ariel Órdenes Morales and Benjamín Cuevas-Tapia},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2406.00273},
  year   = {2024}
}

Comments

13 pages, 8 figures

R2 v1 2026-06-28T16:49:18.713Z