English

Ghost-free Massive Gravity with a General Reference Metric

High Energy Physics - Theory 2015-05-30 v2

Abstract

Theories of massive gravity inevitably include an auxiliary reference metric. Generically, they also contain an inconsistency known as the Boulware-Deser ghost. Recently, a family of non-linear massive gravity actions, formulated with a flat reference metric, were proposed and shown to be ghost free at the complete non-linear level. In this paper we consider these non-linear massive gravity actions but now formulated with a general reference metric. We extend the proof of the absence of the Boulware-Deser ghost to this case. The analysis is carried out in the ADM formalism at the complete non-linear level. We show that in these models there always exists a Hamiltonian constraint which, with an associated secondary constraint, eliminates the ghost. This result considerably extends the range of known consistent non-linear massive gravity theories. In addition, these theories can also be used to describe a massive spin-2 field in an arbitrary, fixed gravitational background. We also discuss the positivity of the Hamiltonian.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1109.3230,
  title  = {Ghost-free Massive Gravity with a General Reference Metric},
  author = {S. F. Hassan and Rachel A. Rosen and Angnis Schmidt-May},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1109.3230},
  year   = {2015}
}

Comments

v2: references, comments and a new subsection 3.5 added, discussion of the secondary constraint updated

R2 v1 2026-06-21T19:05:01.672Z