English

Generalized Paley graphs equienergetic with their complements

Combinatorics 2022-04-20 v1

Abstract

We consider generalized Paley graphs Γ(k,q)\Gamma(k,q), generalized Paley sum graphs Γ+(k,q)\Gamma^+(k,q), and their corresponding complements Γˉ(k,q)\bar \Gamma(k,q) and Γˉ+(k,q)\bar \Gamma^+(k,q), for k=3,4k=3,4. Denote by Γ=Γ(k,q)\Gamma = \Gamma^*(k,q) either Γ(k,q)\Gamma(k,q) or Γ+(k,q)\Gamma^+(k,q). We compute the spectra of Γ(3,q)\Gamma(3,q) and Γ(4,q)\Gamma(4,q) and from them we obtain the spectra of Γ+(3,q)\Gamma^+(3,q) and Γ+(4,q)\Gamma^+(4,q) also. Then we show that, in the non-semiprimitive case, the spectrum of Γ(3,p3)\Gamma(3,p^{3\ell}) and Γ(4,p4)\Gamma(4,p^{4\ell}) with pp prime can be recursively obtained, under certain arithmetic conditions, from the spectrum of the graphs Γ(3,p)\Gamma(3,p) and Γ(4,p)\Gamma(4,p) for any N\ell \in \mathbb{N}, respectively. Using the spectra of these graphs we give necessary and sufficient conditions on the spectrum of Γ(k,q)\Gamma^*(k,q) such that Γ(k,q)\Gamma^*(k,q) and Γˉ(k,q)\bar \Gamma^*(k,q) are equienergetic for k=3,4k=3,4. In a previous work we have classified all bipartite regular graphs Γbip\Gamma_{bip} and all strongly regular graphs Γsrg\Gamma_{srg} which are complementary equienergetic, i.e.\@ {Γbip,Γˉbip}\{\Gamma_{bip}, \bar{\Gamma}_{bip}\} and {Γsrg,Γˉsrg}\{\Gamma_{srg}, \bar{\Gamma}_{srg}\} are equienergetic pairs of graphs. Here we construct infinite pairs of equienergetic non-isospectral regular graphs {Γ,Γˉ}\{\Gamma, \bar \Gamma\} which are neither bipartite nor strongly regular.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2204.08509,
  title  = {Generalized Paley graphs equienergetic with their complements},
  author = {Ricardo A. Podestá and Denis E. Videla},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2204.08509},
  year   = {2022}
}

Comments

22 pages

R2 v1 2026-06-24T10:51:24.051Z