From Partial Calibration to Full Potential: A Two-Stage Sparse DOA Estimation for Incoherently-Distributed Sources with Gain-Phase Uncertainty
Abstract
Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation for incoherently distributed (ID) sources is essential in multipath wireless communication scenarios, yet it remains challenging due to the combined effects of angular spread and gain-phase uncertainties in antenna arrays. This paper presents a two-stage sparse DOA estimation framework, transitioning from partial calibration to full potential, under the generalized array manifold (GAM) framework. In the first stage, coarse DOA estimates are obtained by exploiting the output from a subset of partly-calibrated arrays (PCAs). In the second stage, these estimates are utilized to determine and compensate for gain-phase uncertainties across all array elements. Then a sparse total least-squares optimization problem is formulated and solved via alternating descent to refine the DOA estimates. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method attained improved estimation accuracy compared to existing approaches, while maintaining robustness against both noise and angular spread effects in practical multipath environments.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2501.16854,
title = {From Partial Calibration to Full Potential: A Two-Stage Sparse DOA Estimation for Incoherently-Distributed Sources with Gain-Phase Uncertainty},
author = {He Xu and Tuo Wu and Wei Liu and Maged Elkashlan and Naofal Al-Dhahir and Merouane Debbah and Chau Yuen and Hing Cheung So},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2501.16854},
year = {2025}
}