English

From one to $N$ Cooper pairs, step by step

Superconductivity 2015-05-27 v1

Abstract

We extend the one-pair Cooper configuration towards Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) model of superconductivity by adding one-by-one electron pairs to an energy layer where a small attraction acts. To do it, we solve Richardson's equations analytically in the dilute limit of pairs on the one-Cooper pair scale. We find, through only keeping the first order term in this expansion, that the NN correlated pair energy reads as the energy of NN isolated pairs within a N(N1)N(N-1) correction induced by the Pauli exclusion principle which tends to decrease the average pair binding energy when the pair number increases. Quite remarkably, extension of this first-order result to the dense regime gives the BCS condensation energy exactly. This leads us to suggest a different understanding of the BCS condensation energy with a pair number equal to the number of pairs feeling the potential and an average pair binding energy reduced by Pauli blocking to half the single Cooper pair energy - instead of the more standard but far larger superconducting gap.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1103.1147,
  title  = {From one to $N$ Cooper pairs, step by step},
  author = {W. V. Pogosov and M. Combescot},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1103.1147},
  year   = {2015}
}

Comments

14 pages, 2 figures

R2 v1 2026-06-21T17:35:46.075Z