From Joint to Single-System Psi-Onticity Without Preparation Independence
Abstract
The Pusey-Barrett-Rudolph (PBR) theorem establishes -onticity for individual quantum systems, but its standard formulation relies on the Preparation Independence Postulate (PIP). This has led to a prevalent view that rejecting PIP leaves open the possibility of -epistemic models for individual systems. In this work, we show that this understanding is incomplete: once the PBR theorem establishes -onticity for composite systems prepared in product states, the -onticity of the individual subsystems follows directly from the tensor-product structure of quantum mechanics, without invoking PIP or any further auxiliary assumptions. This result removes a key auxiliary assumption from the PBR theorem, closes a persistent loophole for preserving -epistemic models, and strengthens the conceptual foundations of -ontology.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2601.17662,
title = {From Joint to Single-System Psi-Onticity Without Preparation Independence},
author = {Shan Gao},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.17662},
year = {2026}
}
Comments
12 pages, no figures