English

Four-dimensional image formation theory of optical coherence tomography

Optics 2025-05-22 v1

Abstract

We construct an accurate imaging theory for optical coherence tomography/microscopy (OCT/OCM) without approximations to calculate precise optical resolution and imaging characteristics. Our theory represents a broadband light source using a four-dimensional (4D) pupil function with a dimension for light frequency (reciprocal of wavelength) as the fourth axis in 4D frequency space. Consequently, 4D space-time representation is required in real space, connected to the 4D frequency space by a 4D Fourier transform. Our theory provides insight into a peculiar image formation in OCT/OCM, particularly when an apparatus has a high numerical aperture (NA) optical system to handle aberrations and dispersions simultaneously.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2501.12262,
  title  = {Four-dimensional image formation theory of optical coherence tomography},
  author = {Naoki Fukutake and Shuichi Makita and Yoshiaki Yasuno},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2501.12262},
  year   = {2025}
}