Formation of the dark-matter deficient S0 galaxy NGC 4111 under the tidal interactions
Abstract
We present the high-sensitivity and large-scale atomic hydrogen (HI) observations towards lenticular (S0) galaxy NGC 4111 using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST). The column density map shows that NGC4111 and seven other different types of galaxies share a huge HI gas complex. The data also suggest that NGC 4111 is interacting with seven galaxies. Moreover, we identified a rotating gas disk associated with NGC 4111 from the HI complex. Still, the HI disk rotation direction has deviated from its stellar disk about 34.2, indicating that the NGC 4111 galaxy is undergoing a transition from a spiral galaxy to an S0 galaxy by the tidal interactions. The obtained dark matter-to-stellar mass ratio of NGC4111 is 3.10.7, which is lower than the average value of the Local Universe, implying that the interactions may strip its dark matter. Our results suggest that in a galaxy group environment, tidal interactions have a significant effect on galaxy features.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2503.05171,
title = {Formation of the dark-matter deficient S0 galaxy NGC 4111 under the tidal interactions},
author = {Mei Ai and Ming Zhu and Nai-ping Yu and Jin-long Xu and Xiao-lan Liu and Yingjie Jing and Qian Jiao and Yao Liu and Chuan-peng Zhang and Jie Wang and Peng Jiang},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.05171},
year = {2025}
}