English

Flux through a M\"obius strip?

Physics Education 2021-09-07 v1

Abstract

Integral theorems such as Stokes' and Gauss' are fundamental in many parts of Physics. For instance, Faraday's law allows computing the induced electric current on a closed circuit in terms of the variation of the flux of a magnetic field across the surface spanned by the circuit. The key point for applying Stokes' theorem is that this surface must be orientable. Many students wonder what happens to the flux through a surface when this is not orientable, as it happens with a M\"obius strip. On an orientable surface one can compute the flux of a solenoidal field using Stokes' theorem in terms of the circulation of the vector potential of the field along the oriented boundary of the surface. But this cannot be done if the surface is not orientable, though in principle this quantity could be measured on a laboratory. For instance, checking the induced electric current on a circuit along the boundary of a surface if the field is a variable magnetic field. We shall see that the answer to this puzzle is simple and the problem lies in the question rather than in the answer.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2108.06674,
  title  = {Flux through a M\"obius strip?},
  author = {L. Fernandez-Jambrina},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2108.06674},
  year   = {2021}
}

Comments

12 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in European Journal of Physics

R2 v1 2026-06-24T05:07:28.357Z