Finite-Size Effects on Karman Vortex in Molecular Dynamics Simulation

The characteristics of the Karman vortex generated by a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation exhibit strong finite-size effects, and MD can only reproduce the experimental results qualitatively. Here, we seek the simulation conditions for quantitatively reproduce the vortex shedding frequency. We found that the finite-size effects are mainly caused by the interference of vortices and the nonuniformity of the fluid viscosity coefficient.