English

Figurate numbers and sums of powers of integers

Number Theory 2021-04-20 v5

Abstract

Recently, Marko and Litvinov (ML) conjectured that, for all positive integers nn and pp, the pp-th power of nn admits the representation np==0p1(1)lcp,Fnpn^p = \sum_{\ell =0}^{p-1} (-1)^{l} c_{p,\ell} F_{n}^{p-\ell}, where FnpF_{n}^{p-\ell} is the nn-th hyper-tetrahedron number of dimension pp-\ell and cp,c_{p,\ell} denotes the number of (p)(p -\ell)-dimensional facets formed by cutting the pp-dimensional cube 0x1,x2,,xpn10 \leq x_1, x_2, \ldots, x_p \leq n-1. In this paper we show that the ML conjecture is true for every natural number pp. Our proof relies on the fact that the validity of the ML conjecture necessarily implies that cp,=(p)!S(p,p)c_{p,\ell} = (p-\ell)! S(p, p-\ell), where S(p,p)S(p,p-\ell) are the Stirling numbers of the second kind. Furthermore, we provide a number of equivalent formulas expressing the sum of powers i=1nip\sum_{i=1}^{n} i^p as a linear combination of figurate numbers.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2001.03208,
  title  = {Figurate numbers and sums of powers of integers},
  author = {José L. Cereceda},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2001.03208},
  year   = {2021}
}

Comments

15 pages, improved presentation