English

Fanar 2.0: Arabic Generative AI Stack

Computation and Language 2026-03-18 v1 Artificial Intelligence

Abstract

We present Fanar 2.0, the second generation of Qatar's Arabic-centric Generative AI platform. Sovereignty is a first-class design principle: every component, from data pipelines to deployment infrastructure, was designed and operated entirely at QCRI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University. Fanar 2.0 is a story of resource-constrained excellence: the effort ran on 256 NVIDIA H100 GPUs, with Arabic having only ~0.5% of web data despite 400 million native speakers. Fanar 2.0 adopts a disciplined strategy of data quality over quantity, targeted continual pre-training, and model merging to achieve substantial gains within these constraints. At the core is Fanar-27B, continually pre-trained from a Gemma-3-27B backbone on a curated corpus of 120 billion high-quality tokens across three data recipes. Despite using 8x fewer pre-training tokens than Fanar 1.0, it delivers substantial benchmark improvements: Arabic knowledge (+9.1 pts), language (+7.3 pts), dialects (+3.5 pts), and English capability (+7.6 pts). Beyond the core LLM, Fanar 2.0 introduces a rich stack of new capabilities. FanarGuard is a state-of-the-art 4B bilingual moderation filter for Arabic safety and cultural alignment. The speech family Aura gains a long-form ASR model for hours-long audio. Oryx vision family adds Arabic-aware image and video understanding alongside culturally grounded image generation. An agentic tool-calling framework enables multi-step workflows. Fanar-Sadiq utilizes a multi-agent architecture for Islamic content. Fanar-Diwan provides classical Arabic poetry generation. FanarShaheen delivers LLM-powered bilingual translation. A redesigned multi-layer orchestrator coordinates all components through intent-aware routing and defense-in-depth safety validation. Taken together, Fanar 2.0 demonstrates that sovereign, resource-constrained AI development can produce systems competitive with those built at far greater scale.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2603.16397,
  title  = {Fanar 2.0: Arabic Generative AI Stack},
  author = {FANAR TEAM and Ummar Abbas and Mohammad Shahmeer Ahmad and Minhaj Ahmad and Abdulaziz Al-Homaid and Anas Al-Nuaimi and Enes Altinisik and Ehsaneddin Asgari and Sanjay Chawla and Shammur Chowdhury and Fahim Dalvi and Kareem Darwish and Nadir Durrani and Mohamed Elfeky and Ahmed Elmagarmid and Mohamed Eltabakh and Asim Ersoy and Masoomali Fatehkia and Mohammed Qusay Hashim and Majd Hawasly and Mohamed Hefeeda and Mus'ab Husaini and Keivin Isufaj and Soon-Gyo Jung and Houssam Lachemat and Ji Kim Lucas and Abubakr Mohamed and Tasnim Mohiuddin and Basel Mousi and Hamdy Mubarak and Ahmad Musleh and Mourad Ouzzani and Amin Sadeghi and Husrev Taha Sencar and Mohammed Shinoy and Omar Sinan and Yifan Zhang},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.16397},
  year   = {2026}
}
R2 v1 2026-07-01T11:24:00.753Z