English

Family of explicitly diagonalizable weighted Hankel matrices generalizing the Hilbert matrix

Spectral Theory 2015-08-04 v1

Abstract

A three-parameter family B=B(a,b,c)B=B(a,b,c) of weighted Hankel matrices is introduced with the entries Bj,k=Γ(j+k+a)Γ(j+k+b+c)Γ(j+b)Γ(j+c)Γ(k+b)Γ(k+c)Γ(j+a)j!Γ(k+a)k!, B_{j,k}=\frac{\Gamma(j+k+a)}{\Gamma(j+k+b+c)}\,\sqrt{\frac{\Gamma(j+b)\Gamma(j+c)\Gamma(k+b)\Gamma(k+c)}{\Gamma(j+a)\, j!\,\Gamma(k+a)\, k!}}\,, j,kZ+j,k\in\mathbb{Z}_{+}, supposing aa, bb, cc are positive and a<b+ca<b+c, b<a+cb<a+c, ca+bc\leq a+b. The famous Hilbert matrix is included as a particular case. The direct sum B(a,b,c)B(a+1,b+1,c)B(a,b,c)\oplus B(a+1,b+1,c) is shown to commute with a discrete analog of the dilatation operator. It follows that there exists a three-parameter family of real symmetric Jacobi matrices, T(a,b,c)T(a,b,c), commuting with B(a,b,c)B(a,b,c). The orthogonal polynomials associated with T(a,b,c)T(a,b,c) turn out to be the continuous dual Hahn polynomials. Consequently, a unitary mapping UU diagonalizing T(a,b,c)T(a,b,c) can be constructed explicitly. At the same time, UU diagonalizes B(a,b,c)B(a,b,c) and the spectrum of this matrix operator is shown to be purely absolutely continuous and filling the interval [0,M(a,b,c)][0,M(a,b,c)] where M(a,b,c)M(a,b,c) is known explicitly. If the assumption ca+bc\leq a+b is relaxed while the remaining inequalities on aa, bb, cc are all supposed to be valid, the spectrum contains also a finite discrete part lying above the threshold M(a,b,c)M(a,b,c). Again, all eigenvalues and eigenvectors are described explicitly.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1506.01064,
  title  = {Family of explicitly diagonalizable weighted Hankel matrices generalizing the Hilbert matrix},
  author = {Pavel Stovicek and Tomas Kalvoda},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1506.01064},
  year   = {2015}
}