English

Factoring a minimal ultrafilter into a thick part and a syndetic part

Logic 2018-05-21 v1 General Topology Rings and Algebras

Abstract

Let SS be an infinite discrete semigroup. The operation on SS extends uniquely to the Stone-\v{C}ech compactification βS\beta S making βS\beta S a compact right topological semigroup with SS contained in its topological center. As such, βS\beta S has a smallest two sided ideal, K(βS)K(\beta S). An ultrafilter pp on SS is \emph{minimal} if and only if pK(βS)p \in K(\beta S). We show that any minimal ultrafilter pp factors into a thick part and a syndetic part. That is, there exist filters F\mathcal F and G\mathcal G such that F\mathcal F consists only of thick sets, G\mathcal G consists only of syndetic sets, and pp is the unique ultrafilter containing FG\mathcal F \cup \mathcal G. Letting L=F^L = \widehat{\mathcal F} and C=G^C = \widehat{\mathcal G}, the sets of ultrafilters containing F\mathcal F and G\mathcal G respectively, we have that LL is a minimal left ideal of βS\beta S, CC meets every minimal left ideal of βS\beta S in exactly one point, and LC={p}L \cap C = \{p\}. We show further that K(βS)K(\beta S) can be partitioned into relatively closed sets, each of which meets each minimal left ideal in exactly one point. With some weak cancellation assumptions on SS, one has also that for each minimal ultrafilter pp, S{p}S^* \setminus \{p\} is not normal. In particular, if pp is a member of either of the disjoint sets K(βN,+)K(\beta \mathbb N , +) or K(βN,)K(\beta \mathbb N , \cdot), then N{p}\mathbb N^* \setminus \{p\} is not normal.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1805.07000,
  title  = {Factoring a minimal ultrafilter into a thick part and a syndetic part},
  author = {Will Brian and Neil Hindman},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1805.07000},
  year   = {2018}
}