English

Exponential stretch-rotation (ESR) formulation of general relativity

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology 2009-11-10 v1

Abstract

We study a tensorial exponential transformation of a three-dimensional metric of space-like hypersurfaces embedded in a four-dimensional space-time, γij=eϵikmθmeϕkeϵjknθn\gamma_{ij} = e^{\epsilon_{ikm}\theta_m} e^{\phi_k} e^{-\epsilon_{jkn}\theta_n}, where ϕk\phi_k are logarithms of the eigenvalues of γij\gamma_{ij}, θk\theta_k are rotation angles, and ϵijk\epsilon_{ijk} is a fully anti-symmetric symbol. Evolution part of Einstein's equations, formulated in terms of ϕk\phi_k and θk\theta_k, describes time evolution of the metric at every point of a hyper-surface as a continuous stretch and rotation of a local coordinate system in a tangential space. The exponential stretch-rotation (ESR) transformation generalizes particular exponential transformations used previously in cases of spatial symmetry. The ESR 3+1 formulation of Einstein's equations may have certain advantages for long-term stable integration of these equations.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.gr-qc/0303065,
  title  = {Exponential stretch-rotation (ESR) formulation of general relativity},
  author = {A. M. Khokhlov and I. D. Novikov},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:gr-qc/0303065},
  year   = {2009}
}

Comments

submitted to Class. Quantum Grav

R2 v1 2026-07-22T12:37:35.326Z