English

Explicit Constructions of Maximal 3-Zero-Sum-Free Subsets in $ (\mathbb{Z}/4\mathbb{Z})^n $

Combinatorics 2025-09-04 v2 Number Theory

Abstract

We address a problem posed by Nathan Kaplan in the 2014 Combinatorial and Additive Number Theory session: finding the largest subset H(Z/4Z)nH \subseteq (\mathbb{Z}/4\mathbb{Z})^n with no distinct x,y,zHx, y, z \in H such that x+y+z0(mod4)x + y + z \equiv 0 \pmod{4}. For even-order abelian groups, a standard G/2|G|/2 lower bound applies. We prove this is optimal for G=(Z/4Z)nG = (\mathbb{Z}/4\mathbb{Z})^n using a pair-counting argument, with an explicit construction of vectors with first coordinate odd (1 or 3 mod 4), yielding size 2×4n1=4n/22 \times 4^{n-1} = 4^n / 2 and density 0.5, verified for n10n \leq 10. An AI-assisted hybrid greedy-genetic algorithm rediscovers this optimal size, highlighting its potential in combinatorial search.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2509.01735,
  title  = {Explicit Constructions of Maximal 3-Zero-Sum-Free Subsets in $ (\mathbb{Z}/4\mathbb{Z})^n $},
  author = {Alfonso Davila Vera},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.01735},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

3 pages, no figures, code available at https://github.com/DynMEP/ZeroSumFreeSets-Z4/releases/tag/v5.0.0

R2 v1 2026-07-01T05:16:09.365Z