English

Expected number of induced subtrees shared by two independent copies of a random tree

Probability 2021-08-12 v2 Combinatorics

Abstract

Consider a rooted tree TT with leaf-set [n][n], and with all non-leaf vertices having out-degree 22, at least. A rooted tree T\mathcal T with leaf-set S[n]S\subset [n] is induced by SS in TT if T\mathcal T is the lowest common ancestor subtree for SS, with all its degree-2 vertices suppressed. A "maximum agreement subtree" (MAST) for a pair of two trees TT' and T"T" is a tree T\mathcal T with a largest leaf-set S[n]S\subset [n] such that T\mathcal T is induced by SS both in TT' and T"T". Bryant et al. \cite{BryMcKSte} and Bernstein et al. \cite{Ber} proved, among other results, that for TT' and T"T" being two independent copies of a random binary (uniform or Yule-Harding distributed) tree TT, the likely magnitude order of MAST(T,T")\text{MAST}(T',T") is O(n1/2)O(n^{1/2}). We prove this bound for a wide class of random rooted trees : TT is a terminal tree of a branching, Galton--Watson, process with an ordered-offspring distribution of mean 11, conditioned on "total number of leaves is nn".

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Cite

@article{arxiv.2102.05852,
  title  = {Expected number of induced subtrees shared by two independent copies of a random tree},
  author = {Boris Pittel},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2102.05852},
  year   = {2021}
}

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21 pages