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Exact Entanglement-Depth Speed Frontier for Complete Quantum Charging

Quantum Physics 2026-05-19 v1 Operator Algebras

Abstract

Complete quantum charging provides a sharp setting in which to ask how much multipartite entanglement is forced by speed itself. For a closed NN-qubit battery evolving from N\ket{\downarrow}^{\otimes N} to N\ket{\uparrow}^{\otimes N} under a time-independent Hamiltonian, we exactly solve the pure-state depth-constrained speed problem. If the realized trajectory has entanglement depth at most kk, then the largest possible QSL-normalized rate η=τQSL/T\eta=\tau_{\rm QSL}/T is ηmax(k)=N/k1/2\eta_{\max}(k)=\lceil N/k\rceil^{-1/2}. Conversely, an observed rate η\eta certifies trajectory entanglement depth at least N/η2\bigl\lceil N/\lfloor \eta^{-2}\rfloor\bigr\rceil. The mechanism is block orthogonalization: under a fixed product partition, complete charging forces all blocks to orthogonalize simultaneously, and the quantum speed limit converts this counting constraint into the speed bound. Balanced cluster-flip evolutions saturate the bound, establishing an exact integer staircase frontier. Thus fast complete charging cannot be explained by many small independently charging blocks; in particular, crossing the threshold η>1/2\eta>1/\sqrt2 certifies, for N>1N>1, the generation of genuine NN-partite entanglement.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2605.16935,
  title  = {Exact Entanglement-Depth Speed Frontier for Complete Quantum Charging},
  author = {Wenlong Sun and Gang Lu and Yuanfeng Jin},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.16935},
  year   = {2026}
}
R2 v1 2026-07-22T07:16:27.748Z