English

Exact approximation order of real numbers in Cantor series expansions

Number Theory 2026-06-29 v1

Abstract

Let Q={qn}n1Q = \{q_n\}_{n \ge 1} be a sequence of integers with qn2q_n \ge 2 for all nNn \in\mathbb{N}. For any real number x[0,1)x \in [0,1), it can be expanded into the following infinite series: x=ε1(x)q1+ε2(x)q1q2++εn(x)q1q2qn+,x =\frac{\varepsilon_1(x)}{q_1}+ \frac{\varepsilon_2(x)}{q_1 q_2}+ \cdots+ \frac{\varepsilon_n(x)}{q_1 q_2 \cdots q_n}+ \cdots, which is called the Cantor series expansion of xx. We introduce the exact spproximation order in Cantor series expansions. It is analogous to the notion appearing in classical Diophantine approximation. More precisely, let ωn(x)\omega_n(x) denote the nn-th partial sum of the Cantor series expansion of xx. For any monotonic function ψ\psi, we study the metric theory of the set Ec(ψ)E_c(\psi) of points that are exactly ψ\psi-approximable by ωn(x)\omega_n(x).

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2606.30435,
  title  = {Exact approximation order of real numbers in Cantor series expansions},
  author = {Wanjin Cheng and Xinyun Zhang},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2606.30435},
  year   = {2026}
}