English

Every graph is uniform-span $(2,2)$-choosable: Beyond the 1-2 conjecture

Combinatorics 2025-10-28 v8

Abstract

For a simple graph G=(V,E)G=(V,E), a \emph{proper total weighting} is a mapping w:VERw: V\cup E\rightarrow \mathbb R such that for every edge uvEuv\in E, w(u)+euw(e)w(v)+evw(e)w(u)+\sum_{e\ni u}w(e)\neq w(v)+\sum_{e\ni v}w(e). The graph GG is said (2,2)(2,2)-\emph{choosable} if, for any list assignment LL that assigns to each zz in VEV\cup E a set L(z)L(z) of two real numbers, there exists a {proper total weighting} ww with w(z)L(z)w(z)\in L(z) for every zVEz\in V\cup E. Wong and Zhu, and independently Przyby{\l}o and Wo\'{z}niak conjectured that every simple graph is (2,2)(2,2)-choosable. This conjecture remains open. For a set {a,b}R\{a,b\}\subset \mathbb R, its span is defined as ba|b-a|. We call a graph G=(V,E)G=(V,E) \emph{uniform-span} (2,2)(2,2)-\emph{choosable} if, for any list assignment LL that assigns to every zVEz\in V\cup E a two-element list of a common span, there exists a {proper total weighting} respect to the assignment. In this paper, we present a novel lemma and perform comprehensive enhancements to our previous algorithm. These contributions enable us to prove that every graph is uniform-span (2,2)(2,2)-choosable. This confirms the 1-2 conjecture in full generality, and provides supporting evidence for the (2,2)(2,2)-choosable conjecture.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2506.14253,
  title  = {Every graph is uniform-span $(2,2)$-choosable: Beyond the 1-2 conjecture},
  author = {Kecai Deng and Hongyuan Qiu},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2506.14253},
  year   = {2025}
}
R2 v1 2026-07-01T03:21:18.451Z