English

Estimates in Shirshov height theorem

Rings and Algebras 2014-12-01 v1 Combinatorics

Abstract

In 1993 E. I. Zelmanov asked the following question in Dniester Notebook: "Suppose that F2,mF_{2, m} is a 2-generated associative ring with the identity xm=0x^m=0. Is it true, that the nilpotency degree of F2,mF_{2, m} has exponential growth?" We show that the nilpotency degree of ll-generated associative algebra with the identity xd=0x^d=0 is smaller than Ψ(d,d,l)\Psi(d,d,l), where Ψ(n,d,l)=l(nd)Clog(nd)\Psi(n,d,l)=l (nd)^{C \log (nd)} and CC is a constant. We give the definitive answer to E. I. Zelmanov by this result. It is the consequence of one fact, which is based on combinatorics of words. Let l,nl, n and d>nd>n be positive integers. Then all the words over alphabet of cardinality ll which length is greater than Ψ(n,d,l)\Psi(n,d,l) are either nn-divided or contain dd-th power of subword, where a word WW is nn-divided, if it can be represented in the following form W=W0W1WnW=W_0 W_1\dots W_n such that WnWn1W1W_n \prec W_{n-1}\prec\cdots\prec W_1. The symbol \prec means lexicographical order here. A. I. Shirshov proved that the set of non nn-divided words over alphabet of cardinality ll has bounded height hh over the set YY consisting of all the words of degree <n<n. Original Shirshov's estimation was just recursive, in 1982 double exponent was obtained by A. G. Kolotov and in 1993 A. Ya. Belov obtained exponential estimation. We show, that h<Phi(n,l)h<Phi(n,l), where Phi(n,l)=nClognlPhi(n,l) = n^{C \log n} l and CC is a constant. Our proof uses Latyshev idea of Dilworth theorem application.

Cite

@article{arxiv.1411.7435,
  title  = {Estimates in Shirshov height theorem},
  author = {Mikhail Kharitonov},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1411.7435},
  year   = {2014}
}

Comments

61 pages, In Russian

R2 v1 2026-06-22T07:13:58.748Z