Error Resilient Space Partitioning

A major research area in discrete geometry is to consider the best way to partition the $d$-dimensional Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^d$ under various quality criteria. In this paper we introduce a new type of space partitioning that is motivated by the problem of rounding noisy measurements from the continuous space $\mathbb{R}^d$ to a discrete subset of representative values. Specifically, we study partitions of $\mathbb{R}^d$ into bounded-size tiles colored by one of $k$ colors, such that tiles of the same color have a distance of at least $t$ from each other. Such tilings allow for \emph{error-resilient} rounding, as two points of the same color and distance less than $t$ from each other are guaranteed to belong to the same tile, and thus, to be rounded to the same point. The main problem we study in this paper is characterizing the achievable tradeoffs between the number of colors $k$ and the distance $t$, for various dimensions $d$. On the qualitative side, we show that in $\mathbb{R}^d$, using $k=d+1$ colors is both sufficient and necessary to achieve $t>0$. On the quantitative side, we achieve numerous upper and lower bounds on $t$ as a function of $k$. In particular, for $d=3,4,8,24$, we obtain sharp asymptotic bounds on $t$, as $k \to \infty$. We obtain our results with a variety of techniques including isoperimetric inequalities, the Brunn-Minkowski theorem, sphere packing bounds, Bapat's connector-free lemma, and \v{C}ech cohomology.