Equality in Fill's spectral gap problem
Combinatorics
2026-04-07 v1 Probability
Abstract
We study the adjacent-transposition chain on the symmetric group with a regular parameter vector . Fill's spectral gap conjecture, recently resolved in the affirmative by Greaves-Zhu, states that among all regular parameter vectors, the spectral gap of the transition matrix is minimized by the uniform vector for all . We prove the stronger statement that among all regular parameter vectors, the spectral gap is minimized if and only if has a neutral label, i.e., there exists such that for all . Moreover, in this case, we show that the multiplicity of the second largest eigenvalue is equal to the number of neutral labels, unless the number of neutral labels is or , in which case the multiplicity is . This confirms a conjecture of Fill.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2604.03937,
title = {Equality in Fill's spectral gap problem},
author = {Vishesh Jain and Clayton Mizgerd},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2604.03937},
year = {2026}
}