Enhanced $S$-factor for the $^{14}$N$(p,\gamma)^{15}$O reaction and its impact on the solar composition problem

X. Chen; J. Su; Y. P. Shen; L. Y. Zhang; J. J. He; S. Z. Chen; S. Wang; Z. L. Shen; S. Lin; L. Y. Song; H. Zhang; L. H. Wang; X. Z. Jiang; L. Wang; Y. T. Huang; Z. W. Qin; F. C. Liu; Y. D. Sheng; Y. J. Chen; Y. L. Lu; X. Y. Li; J. Y. Dong; Y. C. Jiang; Y. Q. Zhang; Y. Zhang; J. W. Tian; D. Xiao; Y. Zhang; Z. M. Li; X. C. Han; J. J. Wei; H. Li; Z. An; W. P. Lin; B. Liao; H. N. Liu; F. S. Zhang; M. L. Qiu; C. Xu; S. L. Jin; F. Lu; J. F. Chen; W. Nan; Y. B. Wang; Z. H. Li; B. Guo; Y. Q. Gu; W. P. Liu

Enhanced $S$-factor for the $^{14}$N$(p,\gamma)^{15}$O reaction and its impact on the solar composition problem

Nuclear Experiment 2024-10-22 v1 Solar and Stellar Astrophysics

Authors: X. Chen , J. Su , Y. P. Shen , L. Y. Zhang , J. J. He , S. Z. Chen , S. Wang , Z. L. Shen , S. Lin , L. Y. Song , H. Zhang , L. H. Wang , X. Z. Jiang , L. Wang , Y. T. Huang , Z. W. Qin , F. C. Liu , Y. D. Sheng , Y. J. Chen , Y. L. Lu , X. Y. Li , J. Y. Dong , Y. C. Jiang , Y. Q. Zhang , Y. Zhang , J. W. Tian , D. Xiao , Y. Zhang , Z. M. Li , X. C. Han , J. J. Wei , H. Li , Z. An , W. P. Lin , B. Liao , H. N. Liu , F. S. Zhang , M. L. Qiu , C. Xu , S. L. Jin , F. Lu , J. F. Chen , W. Nan , Y. B. Wang , Z. H. Li , B. Guo , Y. Q. Gu , W. P. Liu

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Abstract

The solar composition problem has puzzled astrophysicists for more than 20 years. Recent measurements of carbon-nitrogen-oxygen (CNO) neutrinos by the Borexino experiment show a $\sim2\sigma$ tension with the "low-metallicity" determinations. $^{14}$ N $(p,\gamma)^{15}$ O, the slowest reaction in the CNO cycle, plays a crucial role in the standard solar model (SSM) calculations of CNO neutrino fluxes. Here we report a direct measurement of the $^{14}$ N $(p,\gamma)^{15}$ O reaction, in which $S$ -factors for all transitions were simultaneously determined in the energy range of $E_p=110-260$ keV for the first time. Our results resolve previous discrepancies in the ground-state transition, yielding a zero-energy $S$ -factor $S_{114}(0) = 1.92\pm0.08$ keV b which is 14% higher than the $1.68\pm0.14$ keV b recommended in Solar Fusion III (SF-III). With our $S_{114}$ values, the SSM B23-GS98, and the latest global analysis of solar neutrino measurements, the C and N photospheric abundance determined by the Borexino experiment is updated to $N_{\mathrm{CN}}=({4.45}^{+0.69}_{-0.61})\times10^{-4}$ . This new $N_{\mathrm{CN}}$ value agrees well with latest "high-metallicity" composition, however, is also consistent with the "low-metallicity" determination within $\sim 1\sigma$ C.L., indicating that the solar metallicity problem remains an open question. In addition, the significant reduction in the uncertainty of $S_{114}$ paves the way for the precise determination of the CN abundance in future large-volume solar neutrino measurements.

Keywords

CNO cycle solar neutrinos S-factor nuclear reaction solar metallicity

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@article{arxiv.2410.16086,
  title  = {Enhanced $S$-factor for the $^{14}$N$(p,\gamma)^{15}$O reaction and its impact on the solar composition problem},
  author = {X. Chen and J. Su and Y. P. Shen and L. Y. Zhang and J. J. He and S. Z. Chen and S. Wang and Z. L. Shen and S. Lin and L. Y. Song and H. Zhang and L. H. Wang and X. Z. Jiang and L. Wang and Y. T. Huang and Z. W. Qin and F. C. Liu and Y. D. Sheng and Y. J. Chen and Y. L. Lu and X. Y. Li and J. Y. Dong and Y. C. Jiang and Y. Q. Zhang and Y. Zhang and J. W. Tian and D. Xiao and Y. Zhang and Z. M. Li and X. C. Han and J. J. Wei and H. Li and Z. An and W. P. Lin and B. Liao and H. N. Liu and F. S. Zhang and M. L. Qiu and C. Xu and S. L. Jin and F. Lu and J. F. Chen and W. Nan and Y. B. Wang and Z. H. Li and B. Guo and Y. Q. Gu and W. P. Liu},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2410.16086},
  year   = {2024}
}

Enhanced $S$-factor for the $^{14}$N$(p,\gamma)^{15}$O reaction and its impact on the solar composition problem

Abstract

Keywords

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