English

Electromagnetic force and torque derived from a Lagrangian in conjunction with the Maxwell-Lorentz equations

Optics 2021-08-09 v1 Classical Physics

Abstract

Electromagnetic force and torque are typically derived from a stress tensor in conjunction with Maxwell's equations of classical electrodynamics. In some instances, the Principle of Least Action (built around a Lagrangian) can be used to arrive at the same mathematical expressions of force and torque as those derived from a stress tensor. This paper describes some of the underlying arguments for the existence of a Lagrangian in the case of certain simple physical systems. While some formulations of electromagnetic force and torque admit a Lagrangian, there are other formulations for which a Lagrangian may not exist.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2108.02896,
  title  = {Electromagnetic force and torque derived from a Lagrangian in conjunction with the Maxwell-Lorentz equations},
  author = {Masud Mansuripur},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2108.02896},
  year   = {2021}
}

Comments

16 pages, 27 equations, 1 figure, 33 references, 6 appendices

R2 v1 2026-06-24T04:52:42.541Z