Electrically Tunable Four-Wave-Mixing in Graphene Heterogeneous Fiber for Individual Gas Molecule Detection
Abstract
Detection of individual molecules is the ultimate goal of any chemical sensor. In the case of gas detection, such resolution has been achieved in advanced nanoscale electronic solid-state sensors, but it has not been possible so far in integrated photonic devices, where the weak light-molecule interaction is typically hidden by noise. Here, we demonstrate a scheme to generate ultrasensitive down-conversion four-wave-mixing (FWM) in a graphene bipolar-junction-transistor heterogeneous D-shaped fiber. In the communication band, the FWM conversion efficiency can change steeply when the graphene Fermi level approaches 0.4 eV. In this condition, we exploit our unique two-step optoelectronic heterodyne detection scheme, and we achieve real-time individual gas molecule detection in vacuum. Such combination of graphene strong nonlinearities, electrical tunability, and all-fiber integration paves the way toward the design of versatile high-performance graphene photonic devices.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2104.03685,
title = {Electrically Tunable Four-Wave-Mixing in Graphene Heterogeneous Fiber for Individual Gas Molecule Detection},
author = {Ning An and Teng Tan and Zheng Peng and Chenye Qin and Zhongye Yuan and Lei Bi and Changrui Liao and Yiping Wang and Yunjiang Rao and Giancarlo Soavi and Baicheng Yao},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2104.03685},
year = {2021}
}