English

Einstein and the old quantum theory

History and Philosophy of Physics 2021-12-30 v1

Abstract

Objecting that Sommerfeld's quantum conditions refer to particular coordinates, Einstein proposes a canonically invariant rule. But even if the invariance is canonical, Einstein may have in mind a double \emph{configuration} space invariance: with respect to loop deformations, and to \emph{point} transformation -- all on a torus where features of the Liouville-Arnol'd theorem already appear.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2112.14194,
  title  = {Einstein and the old quantum theory},
  author = {Alexander Afriat},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2112.14194},
  year   = {2021}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-24T08:33:47.207Z