English

Dynamics of the Takagi function and the shadowing property

Dynamical Systems 2026-03-24 v1 Classical Analysis and ODEs

Abstract

The Takagi function T:[0,1]RT:[0,1]\to \mathbb{R} is a classical example of a continuous nowhere differentiable function. In this paper, we study the discrete dynamical system generated by the Takagi function. First, we prove that for almost every point x[0,1]x\in [0,1], the orbit (Tn(x))n(T^n(x))_n converges to 2/32/3. We introduce the family of Takagi maps, given by Tγ=γT\textbf{T}_\gamma=\gamma \cdot T, where γ>0\gamma>0 is a parameter. We also study the shadowing property for this family of maps. We show that the Takagi function has the shadowing property. Additionally, we provide two distinct techniques that allow us to find values of the parameter γ\gamma for which Tγ\textbf{T}_\gamma fails to have the shadowing property. Finally, we pose some open questions.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2603.22221,
  title  = {Dynamics of the Takagi function and the shadowing property},
  author = {Zoltán Buczolich and Jesús Llorente},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.22221},
  year   = {2026}
}
R2 v1 2026-07-01T11:33:43.066Z