English

Dynamic Difficulty Adjustment With Brain Waves as a Tool for Optimizing Engagement

Human-Computer Interaction 2025-04-22 v1 Neural and Evolutionary Computing Neurons and Cognition

Abstract

This study explores the use of electroencephalography (EEG)-based brain wave monitoring to enable dynamic difficulty adjustment (DDA) in a virtual reality (VR) gaming environment. Using the Task Engagement Index (TEI) derived from frontal EEG electrodes, we adapt game challenge levels in real time to maintain optimal player engagement. In a within-subject design with six participants, we found that the DDA condition significantly increased engagement duration by 19.79% compared to a non-DDA control condition. These results suggest that combining EEG, DDA, and VR technologies can enhance user experience and has potential applications in adaptive learning, rehabilitation, and personalized interfaces.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2504.13965,
  title  = {Dynamic Difficulty Adjustment With Brain Waves as a Tool for Optimizing Engagement},
  author = {Nir Cafri},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.13965},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

9 pages, 4 figures, originally developed as part of a neuroscience and HCI research project

R2 v1 2026-06-28T23:03:43.072Z