English

Do Skill Descriptions Tell the Truth? Detecting Undisclosed Security Behaviors in Code-Backed LLM Skills

Cryptography and Security 2026-05-14 v1

Abstract

Programmatic skills in LLM ecosystems consist of a natural-language description and executable implementation files. Users and LLMs rely on the description to understand the skill's scope. However, the implementation may perform security-relevant operations, such as credential access, network communication, or command execution, that the description does not state. We study this description--implementation inconsistency by asking whether the implementation stays within the security-relevant scope declared in the description. We manually analyze 920 real-world programmatic skills and construct an 11-category security property taxonomy. Based on this taxonomy, we build SKILLSCOPE, which constructs source-level security property graphs (SPGs) from implementations and performs LLM-assisted consistency checking. SPG nodes retain source-level code patterns rather than abstract taxonomy labels, preserving fine-grained evidence for checking. On 4,556 programmatic skills with double-blind human review, SKILLSCOPE achieves a precision of 84.8\% and a recall of 96.5\% for identifying inconsistency. Confirmed inconsistency affects 9.4\% of skills, while cases of coarser description, in which implementation details remain within the declared scope, account for 24.3\%. Ablation experiments confirm that both the SPG and the taxonomy contribute: removing the taxonomy reduces precision from 87.8\% to 72.3\%, while removing the SPG reduces recall from 94.7\% to 79.0\%.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2605.12875,
  title  = {Do Skill Descriptions Tell the Truth? Detecting Undisclosed Security Behaviors in Code-Backed LLM Skills},
  author = {Wenhui He and Yue Li and Bang Fu and Huan Xing and Xing Fan and ZeHua Zhang and Baoning Niu},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.12875},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

11 pages, 3 figures, 9 tables