English

Distribution-free two-sample testing with blurred total variation distance

Machine Learning 2026-04-13 v2 Machine Learning Statistics Theory Statistics Theory

Abstract

Two-sample testing, where we aim to determine whether two distributions are equal or not equal based on samples from each one, is challenging if we cannot place assumptions on the properties of the two distributions. In particular, certifying equality of distributions, or even providing a tight upper bound on the total variation (TV) distance between the distributions, is impossible to achieve in a distribution-free regime. In this work, we examine the blurred TV distance, a relaxation of TV distance that enables us to perform inference without assumptions on the distributions. We provide theoretical guarantees for distribution-free upper and lower bounds on the blurred TV distance, and examine its properties in high dimensions.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2602.05862,
  title  = {Distribution-free two-sample testing with blurred total variation distance},
  author = {Rohan Hore and Rina Foygel Barber},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.05862},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

47 pages, 4 figures

R2 v1 2026-07-01T10:22:48.564Z