Pair density wave (PDW) states are defined by a spatially modulating superconductive order-parameter. To search for such states in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) we use high-speed atomic-resolution scanned Josephson-tunneling microscopy (SJTM). We detect a PDW state whose electron-pair density and energy-gap modulate spatially at the wavevectors of the preexisting charge density wave (CDW) state. The PDW couples linearly to both the s-wave superconductor and to the CDW, and exhibits commensurate domains with discommensuration phase-slips at the boundaries, conforming to those of the lattice-locked commensurate CDW. Nevertheless, we find a global δΦ∼±2π/3 phase difference between the PDW and CDW states, possibly owing to the Cooper-pair wavefunction orbital content. Our findings presage pervasive PDW physics in the many other TMDs that sustain both CDW and superconducting states.
@article{arxiv.2007.15228,
title = {Discovery of a Cooper-Pair Density Wave State in a Transition-Metal Dichalcogenide},
author = {Xiaolong Liu and Yi Xue Chong and Rahul Sharma and J. C. Séamus Davis},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2007.15228},
year = {2021}
}