A bi-photon polarization-frequency entanglement source was realized by shaping the phase-matching function of a poled KTP crystal. It provides a simple method to achieve either polarization or spectral entanglement in a simple collinear setup, based on single-pass SPDC and a dichroic (or polarizing) beam splitter. This is a robust and cost-effective configuration that can be easily implemented outside the laboratory environment. We characterized the source by two approaches: reconstructing the density matrix of the generated state with quantum state tomography, by recording the coincidences across 16 mutual polarization settings, in addition to a new method based on quantifying the symmetry of the joint spectral intensity by swapping between the signal and idler wavelengths. The polarization-entangled source violates the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality with a measured S=2.747±0.004. We also measured the polarization entanglement visibility in two mutually unbiased polarization bases and evaluated the squeezing level by characterizing the reduction in visibility at high pump power.
@article{arxiv.2506.06460,
title = {Direct Polarization-Entangled Photon Pair Generation Using Domain-Engineered Nonlinear Crystals},
author = {Anatoly Shukhin and Inbar Hurvitz and Leonid Vidro and Ady Arie and Hagai S. Eisenberg},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2506.06460},
year = {2025}
}