Frequency-encoded quantum information offers intriguing opportunities for quantum communications and networking, with the quantum frequency processor paradigm -- based on electro-optic phase modulators and Fourier-transform pulse shapers -- providing a path for scalable construction of quantum gates. Yet all experimental demonstrations to date have relied on discrete fiber-optic components that occupy significant physical space and impart appreciable loss. In this article, we introduce a model for the design of quantum frequency processors comprising microring resonator-based pulse shapers and integrated phase modulators. We estimate the performance of single and parallel frequency-bin Hadamard gates, finding high fidelity values that extend to frequency bins with relatively wide bandwidths. By incorporating multi-order filter designs as well, we explore the limits of tight frequency spacings, a regime extremely difficult to obtain in bulk optics. Overall, our model is general, simple to use, and extendable to other material platforms, providing a much-needed design tool for future frequency processors in integrated photonics.
@article{arxiv.2204.12320,
title = {Design Methodologies for Integrated Quantum Frequency Processors},
author = {Benjamin E. Nussbaum and Andrew J. Pizzimenti and Navin B. Lingaraju and Hsuan-Hao Lu and Joseph M. Lukens},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2204.12320},
year = {2022}
}