Demonstration of quantum error detection in a silicon quantum processor
Abstract
Quantum error detection is essential in realizing large-scale universal quantum computation, especially for quantum error correction (QEC). However, key elements for FTQC have yet to be realized in silicon qubits. Here, we demonstrate quantum error detection on a donor-based silicon quantum processor comprising four-nuclear spin qubits and one electron spin as an auxiliary qubit. The entanglement capability of this system is validated through the establishment of two-qubit Bell state entanglement between the nuclear spins and the generation of a four-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state, achieving a GHZ state fidelity of 88.5(2.3)%. Furthermore, by executing a four-qubit error detection circuit with the stabilizers, we successfully detect arbitrary single-qubit errors. The encoded Bell state entanglement information is recovered by performing the Pauli-frame update (PFU) via postprocessing. Based on the detected errors, we identify strongly biased noise in our system. Our results mark a significant advance toward FTQC in silicon spin qubits.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2509.24766,
title = {Demonstration of quantum error detection in a silicon quantum processor},
author = {Chunhui Zhang and Chunhui Li and Zhen Tian and Yan Jiang and Feng Xu and Shihang Zhang and Hao Wang and Yu-Ning Zhang and Xuesong Bai and Baolong Zhao and Yi-Fei Zhang and Huan Shu and Jiaze Liu and Kunrong Wu and Chao Huang and Keji Shi and Mingchao Duan and Tao Xin and Peihao Huang and Tianluo Pan and Song Liu and Guanyong Wang and Guangchong Hu and Yu He and Dapeng Yu},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.24766},
year = {2025}
}
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41 pages