English

Decision trees and influences of variables over product probability spaces

Probability 2009-03-14 v2 Combinatorics

Abstract

A celebrated theorem of Friedgut says that every function f:{0,1}n{0,1}f:\{0,1\}^n \to \{0,1\} can be approximated by a function g:{0,1}n{0,1}g:\{0,1\}^n \to \{0,1\} with fg22ϵ\|f-g\|_2^2 \le \epsilon which depends only on eO(If/ϵ)e^{O(I_f/\epsilon)} variables where IfI_f is the sum of the influences of the variables of ff. Dinur and Friedgut later showed that this statement also holds if we replace the discrete domain {0,1}n\{0,1\}^n with the continuous domain [0,1]n[0,1]^n, under the extra assumption that ff is increasing. They conjectured that the condition of monotonicity is unnecessary and can be removed. We show that certain constant-depth decision trees provide counter-examples to Dinur-Friedgut conjecture. This suggests a reformulation of the conjecture in which the function g:[0,1]n{0,1}g:[0,1]^n \to \{0,1\} instead of depending on a small number of variables has a decision tree of small depth. In fact we prove this reformulation by showing that the depth of the decision tree of gg can be bounded by eO(If/ϵ2)e^{O(I_f/\epsilon^2)}. Furthermore we consider a second notion of the influence of a variable, and study the functions that have bounded total influence in this sense. We use a theorem of Bourgain to show that these functions have certain properties. We also study the relation between the two different notions of influence.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.math/0612405,
  title  = {Decision trees and influences of variables over product probability spaces},
  author = {Hamed Hatami},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:math/0612405},
  year   = {2009}
}

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