Damping of phonons in one-dimensional quantum fluids
Quantum Gases
2025-11-18 v1
Abstract
Collective excitations in one-dimensional (1D) quantum fluids are expected to propagate almost without dissipation. Here we directly excite phonon modes in a weakly interacting 1D Bose gas and study their time evolution. In the linear response regime, damping is surprisingly fast and quantitatively follows the non-analytic scaling predicted by Andreev's hydrodynamic description. For stronger excitations, we observe a crossover to a highly nonlinear regime characterized by wave breaking, captured by the finite-temperature nonlinear Schr\"odinger evolution. Our results resolve a long-standing question on the fate of phonons in 1D Bose gases, and open new pathways to study non-linear relaxation in quantum many-body systems.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2511.13681,
title = {Damping of phonons in one-dimensional quantum fluids},
author = {Federica Cataldini and Nataliia Bazhan and João Sabino and Philipp Schüttelkopf and Mohammadamin Tajik and Frederik S. Møller and Si-Cong Ji and Sebastian Erne and Igor Mazets and Jörg Schmiedmayer},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.13681},
year = {2025}
}
Comments
11 pages, 9 figures