Cutting a unit square and permuting blocks
Abstract
Consider a random permutation of objects that permutes disjoint blocks of size and then permutes elements within each block. Normalizing its cycle lengths by gives a random partition of unity, and we derive the limit law of this partition as . The limit may be constructed via a simple square cutting procedure that generalizes stick breaking in the classical case of random permutations (). The expected size of the largest part of this square cutting distribution is approximated to be , in contrast with the Golomb-Dickman constant around describing the longest cycle of a uniform random permutation as well as the largest prime factor of a random integer. The distribution function of this largest part is shown to also be the mean of a certain multiplicative function. Along the way we give the first extension of the Erd\H{o}s-Tur\'an law to a proper permutation subgroup.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2501.13844,
title = {Cutting a unit square and permuting blocks},
author = {Nathan Tung},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2501.13844},
year = {2026}
}
Comments
23 pages. Added approximation of the limit distribution of the longest cycle and improved exposition