English

CRoPE: Efficient Parametrization of Rotary Positional Embedding

Machine Learning 2026-04-02 v2

Abstract

Rotary positional embedding has become the state-of-the-art approach to encode position information in transformer-based models. While it is often succinctly expressed in complex linear algebra, we note that the actual implementation of Q/K/VQ/K/V-projections is not equivalent to a complex linear transformation. We argue that complex linear transformation is a more natural parametrization and saves near 50\% parameters within the attention block. We show empirically that removing such redundancy has negligible impact on the model performance. Our modification achieves more efficient parameter usage, as well as a cleaner interpretation of the representation space.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2601.02728,
  title  = {CRoPE: Efficient Parametrization of Rotary Positional Embedding},
  author = {Beicheng Lou and Zifei Xu and Vivian W. H. Wong},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.02728},
  year   = {2026}
}
R2 v1 2026-07-01T08:52:06.118Z