Critical Properties of One-Dimensional Electron Systems with $1/r^{\alpha}$-type Long-Range Interactions

We study the critical properties of one-dimensional electron systems with the $1/r^{\alpha}$-type long-range interaction ($\alpha \ge 1$). Using bosonization methods, we discuss how the 1D system exhibits a crossover from the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid to the Wigner crystal when $\alpha \to 1$. In particular, a detailed analysis is given to the Fermi-edge singularity phenomena when a {\it mobile} core hole is created suddenly in the valence band. It is found that the effect due to the core-hole motion on the Fermi-edge singularity is gradually suppressed as the system approaches the Wigner crystal, and its critical behavior is dominated by the ordinary impurity forward-scattering inherent in a static hole.