Cosmology Likelihood for Observables in \Euclid (CLOE). 1. Theoretical recipe
Abstract
As the statistical precision of cosmological measurements increases, the accuracy of the theoretical description of these measurements needs to increase correspondingly in order to infer the underlying cosmology that governs the Universe. To this end, we have created the Cosmology Likelihood for Observables in Euclid (CLOE), which is a novel cosmological parameter inference pipeline developed within the Euclid Consortium to translate measurements and covariances into cosmological parameter constraints. In this first in a series of six papers, we describe the theoretical recipe of this code for the Euclid primary probes. These probes are composed of the photometric 3x2pt observables of cosmic shear, galaxy-galaxy lensing, and galaxy clustering, along with spectroscopic galaxy clustering. We provide this description in both Fourier and configuration space for standard and extended summary statistics, including the wide range of systematic uncertainties that affect them. This includes systematic uncertainties such as intrinsic galaxy alignments, baryonic feedback, photometric and spectroscopic redshift uncertainties, shear calibration uncertainties, sample impurities, photometric and spectroscopic galaxy biases, as well as magnification bias. The theoretical descriptions are further able to accommodate both Gaussian and non-Gaussian likelihoods and extended cosmologies with non-zero curvature, massive neutrinos, evolving dark energy, and simple forms of modified gravity. These theoretical descriptions that underpin CLOE will form a crucial component in revealing the true nature of the Universe with next-generation cosmological surveys such as Euclid.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2510.09118,
title = {Cosmology Likelihood for Observables in \Euclid (CLOE). 1. Theoretical recipe},
author = {Euclid Collaboration and V. F. Cardone and S. Joudaki and L. Blot and M. Bonici and S. Camera and G. Cañas-Herrera and P. Carrilho and S. Casas and S. Davini and S. Di Domizio and S. Farrens and L. W. K. Goh and S. Gouyou Beauchamps and S. Ilić and F. Keil and A. M. C. Le Brun and M. Martinelli and C. Moretti and V. Pettorino and A. Pezzotta and A. G. Sánchez and Z. Sakr and D. Sciotti and K. Tanidis and I. Tutusaus and V. Ajani and M. Crocce and C. Giocoli and L. Legrand and M. Lembo and G. F. Lesci and D. Navarro Girones and A. Nouri-Zonoz and S. Pamuk and M. Tsedrik and J. Bel and C. Carbone and C. A. J. Duncan and M. Kilbinger and F. Lacasa and M. Lattanzi and D. Sapone and E. Sellentin and P. L. Taylor and N. Aghanim and B. Altieri and L. Amendola and S. Andreon and N. Auricchio and H. Aussel and C. Baccigalupi and M. Baldi and S. Bardelli and P. Battaglia and A. Biviano and E. Branchini and M. Brescia and J. Brinchmann and V. Capobianco and J. Carretero and M. Castellano and G. Castignani and S. Cavuoti and K. C. Chambers and A. Cimatti and C. Colodro-Conde and G. Congedo and C. J. Conselice and L. Conversi and Y. Copin and F. Courbin and H. M. Courtois and M. Cropper and A. Da Silva and H. Degaudenzi and G. De Lucia and A. M. Di Giorgio and M. Douspis and F. Dubath and X. Dupac and S. Dusini and A. Ealet and S. Escoffier and M. Farina and R. Farinelli and F. Faustini and S. Ferriol and F. Finelli and P. Fosalba and S. Fotopoulou and M. Frailis and E. Franceschi and M. Fumana and S. Galeotta and B. Gillis and P. Gómez-Alvarez and J. Gracia-Carpio and B. R. Granett and A. Grazian and F. Grupp and L. Guzzo and S. V. H. Haugan and H. Hoekstra and W. Holmes and I. M. Hook and F. Hormuth and A. Hornstrup and K. Jahnke and M. Jhabvala and E. Keihänen and S. Kermiche and A. Kiessling and B. Kubik and M. Kümmel and M. Kunz and H. Kurki-Suonio and O. Lahav and P. Liebing and P. B. Lilje and V. Lindholm and I. Lloro and G. Mainetti and D. Maino and E. Maiorano and O. Mansutti and S. Marcin and O. Marggraf and N. Martinet and F. Marulli and R. Massey and S. Maurogordato and E. Medinaceli and S. Mei and Y. Mellier and M. Meneghetti and E. Merlin and G. Meylan and A. Mora and M. Moresco and L. Moscardini and R. Nakajima and C. Neissner and S. -M. Niemi and C. Padilla and S. Paltani and F. Pasian and K. Pedersen and W. J. Percival and S. Pires and G. Polenta and M. Poncet and L. A. Popa and L. Pozzetti and G. D. Racca and F. Raison and R. Rebolo and A. Renzi and J. Rhodes and G. Riccio and E. Romelli and M. Roncarelli and R. Saglia and B. Sartoris and R. Scaramella and J. A. Schewtschenko and P. Schneider and T. Schrabback and A. Secroun and E. Sefusatti and G. Seidel and S. Serrano and P. Simon and C. Sirignano and G. Sirri and L. Stanco and J. Steinwagner and P. Tallada-Crespí and A. N. Taylor and I. Tereno and S. Toft and R. Toledo-Moreo and F. Torradeflot and L. Valenziano and J. Valiviita and T. Vassallo and G. Verdoes Kleijn and A. Veropalumbo and Y. Wang and J. Weller and A. Zacchei and G. Zamorani and F. M. Zerbi and E. Zucca and V. Allevato and M. Ballardini and M. Bolzonella and E. Bozzo and C. Burigana and R. Cabanac and M. Calabrese and A. Cappi and D. Di Ferdinando and J. A. Escartin Vigo and L. Gabarra and W. G. Hartley and J. Martín-Fleitas and S. Matthew and M. Maturi and N. Mauri and R. B. Metcalf and M. Pöntinen and C. Porciani and I. Risso and V. Scottez and M. Sereno and M. Tenti and M. Viel and M. Wiesmann and Y. Akrami and S. Alvi and I. T. Andika and S. Anselmi and M. Archidiacono and F. Atrio-Barandela and A. Balaguera-Antolinez and M. Bethermin and S. Borgani and M. L. Brown and S. Bruton and A. Calabro and B. Camacho Quevedo and F. Caro and C. S. Carvalho and T. Castro and F. Cogato and S. Conseil and S. Contarini and A. R. Cooray and O. Cucciati and F. De Paolis and G. Desprez and A. Díaz-Sánchez and J. J. Diaz and J. M. Diego and P. Dimauro and A. Enia and Y. Fang and A. G. Ferrari and P. G. Ferreira and A. Finoguenov and A. Fontana and A. Franco and K. Ganga and J. García-Bellido and T. Gasparetto and V. Gautard and E. Gaztanaga and F. Giacomini and F. Gianotti and G. Gozaliasl and A. Gruppuso and M. Guidi and C. M. Gutierrez and C. Hernández-Monteagudo and H. Hildebrandt and J. Hjorth and J. J. E. Kajava and Y. Kang and V. Kansal and D. Karagiannis and K. Kiiveri and C. C. Kirkpatrick and S. Kruk and F. Lepori and G. Leroy and J. Lesgourgues and L. Leuzzi and T. I. Liaudat and S. J. Liu and A. Loureiro and J. Macias-Perez and G. Maggio and M. Magliocchetti and F. Mannucci and R. Maoli and C. J. A. P. Martins and L. Maurin and M. Migliaccio and M. Miluzio and P. Monaco and G. Morgante and S. Nadathur and K. Naidoo and A. Navarro-Alsina and S. Nesseris and L. Pagano and F. Passalacqua and K. Paterson and L. Patrizii and A. Pisani and D. Potter and S. Quai and M. Radovich and P. Reimberg and S. Sacquegna and M. Sahlén and D. B. Sanders and E. Sarpa and J. Schaye and A. Schneider and M. Schultheis and A. Silvestri and L. C. Smith and C. Tao and G. Testera and R. Teyssier and S. Tosi and A. Troja and M. Tucci and C. Valieri and A. Venhola and D. Vergani and F. Vernizzi and G. Verza and N. A. Walton},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.09118},
year = {2025}
}
Comments
First in a series of six papers presenting CLOE, the Euclid likelihood code; 27 pages, 10 figures, A&A submitted