Cosmological Observational Tests in the JWST Era. II: The Tolman Test
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
2026-05-01 v1
Abstract
In this work, we investigate a classical cosmological test - the dependence of galaxy surface brightness on redshift z (the Tolman test). We analyzed 6 860 galaxies with reliably determined spectroscopic redshifts from the ASTRODEEP-JWST photometric catalogue. We find that (a) the mean surface brightness of galaxies indeed decreases with increasing distance, and (b) the observed trend shows a significant departure from the prediction of the standard cosmological model, which expects the mean surface brightness to decline as ~ (1 + z)^-4.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2604.27867,
title = {Cosmological Observational Tests in the JWST Era. II: The Tolman Test},
author = {V. V. Tsymbal and A. A. Raikov and N. Yu. Lovyagin},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2604.27867},
year = {2026}
}