Cosmic Hydrogen and Ice Loss Lines
Abstract
We explain the overall equilibrium-temperature-dependent trend in the exoplanet mass-radius diagram, using the escape mechanisms of hydrogen and relevant volatiles, and the chemical equilibrium calculation of molecular hydrogen (H) break-up into atomic hydrogen (H). We identify two Cosmic Hydrogen and Ice Loss Lines (CHILLs) in the mass-radius diagram. Gas disks are well known to disperse in ten million years. However, gas-rich planets may lose some or almost all gas on a much longer timescale. We thus hypothesize that most planets that are born out of a hydrogen-gas-dominated nebular disk begin by possessing a primordial H-envelope. This envelope is gradually lost due to escape processes caused by host-stellar radiation.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2211.06010,
title = {Cosmic Hydrogen and Ice Loss Lines},
author = {Li Zeng and Stein B. Jacobsen},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2211.06010},
year = {2024}
}
Comments
(Version 3) Published in Icarus, Volume 414, 116033, 2024