English

Controlled drop generation via ligament extraction from a static or vibrating liquid bath

Fluid Dynamics 2026-07-16 v1

Abstract

We introduce a simple method for generating droplets at the surface of a liquid bath by rapidly stretching a liquid ligament with a spring-loaded cylindrical probe. By varying the probe radius aa and retraction length LL, we identify three regimes. Overstretching a thin ligament produces multiple drops, while insufficient stretching of a thick ligament yields none. The optimal regime for single-drop generation lies in between. In the single-drop regime, the drop radius scales as Ra2/3L1/3R \sim a^{2/3} L^{1/3}, consistent with volume conservation of the stretched ligament. This method enables repeatable generation of single droplets (with <5% variation in RR) on both still and vibrating baths and of ordered droplet lattices for pilot-wave hydrodynamics experiments.

Cite

@article{arxiv.2607.15377,
  title  = {Controlled drop generation via ligament extraction from a static or vibrating liquid bath},
  author = {Johnathan Hoggarth and Daniel M. Harris and John W. M. Bush and Bauyrzhan K. Primkulov},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2607.15377},
  year   = {2026}
}