English

Continuous nowhere differentiable multivariate functions

Classical Analysis and ODEs 2025-10-16 v1 Functional Analysis

Abstract

Let UU be an open set in Rd\mathbb{R}^d. A continuous function f ⁣:URf\colon U \to \mathbb{R} is strongly nowhere differentiable if and only if for each γ(0,1]\gamma\in(0,1] and for each unit speed C1,γC^{1,\gamma} curve c ⁣:[a,b]Uc\colon [a,b] \to U, the composition fc ⁣:[a,b]Rf\circ c \colon [a,b] \to \mathbb{R} is nowhere differentiable on (a,b)(a,b). For bounded UU, let U\overline U be the closure of UU and C(U)C(\overline U) be the Banach space of continuous real-valued functions on U\overline U with the sup norm. Theorem. In the sense of the Baire category theorem, almost every fC(U)f\in C(\overline U) is strongly nowhere differentiable on UU.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2510.13061,
  title  = {Continuous nowhere differentiable multivariate functions},
  author = {Maria Girardi and Ralph Howard},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.13061},
  year   = {2025}
}