English

ContextualSHAP : Enhancing SHAP Explanations Through Contextual Language Generation

Artificial Intelligence 2026-04-15 v1 Human-Computer Interaction Machine Learning

Abstract

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has become an increasingly important area of research, particularly as machine learning models are deployed in high-stakes domains. Among various XAI approaches, SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) has gained prominence due to its ability to provide both global and local explanations across different machine learning models. While SHAP effectively visualizes feature importance, it often lacks contextual explanations that are meaningful for end-users, especially those without technical backgrounds. To address this gap, we propose a Python package that extends SHAP by integrating it with a large language model (LLM), specifically OpenAI's GPT, to generate contextualized textual explanations. This integration is guided by user-defined parameters (such as feature aliases, descriptions, and additional background) to tailor the explanation to both the model context and the user perspective. We hypothesize that this enhancement can improve the perceived understandability of SHAP explanations. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed package, we applied it in a healthcare-related case study and conducted user evaluations involving real end-users. The results, based on Likert-scale surveys and follow-up interviews, indicate that the generated explanations were perceived as more understandable and contextually appropriate compared to visual-only outputs. While the findings are preliminary, they suggest that combining visualization with contextualized text may support more user-friendly and trustworthy model explanations.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2512.07178,
  title  = {ContextualSHAP : Enhancing SHAP Explanations Through Contextual Language Generation},
  author = {Latifa Dwiyanti and Sergio Ryan Wibisono and Hidetaka Nambo},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2512.07178},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

This paper was accepted and presented at the 7th World Symposium on Software Engineering (WSSE) 2025 on 25 October 2025 in Okayama, Japan, and is currently awaiting publication

R2 v1 2026-07-01T08:14:13.776Z