English

Constructing 5-chromatic unit distance graphs embedded in the Euclidean plane and two-dimensional spheres

Combinatorics 2022-10-25 v4 Metric Geometry

Abstract

This paper is devoted to the development of algorithms for finding unit distance graphs with chromatic number greater than 4, embedded in a two-dimensional sphere or plane. Such graphs provide a lower bound for the Nelson-Hadwiger problem on the chromatic number of the plane and its generalizations to the case of the sphere. A series of 5-chromatic unit distance graphs on 64513 vertices embedded into the plane is constructed. Unlike previously known examples, these graphs do not contain the Moser spindle as a subgraph. The construction of 5-chromatic graphs embedded in a sphere at two values of the radius is given. Namely, the 5-chromatic unit distance graph on 372 vertices embedded into the circumsphere of an icosahedron with a unit edge length, and the 5-chromatic graph on 972 vertices embedded into the circumsphere of a great icosahedron are constructed.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2106.11824,
  title  = {Constructing 5-chromatic unit distance graphs embedded in the Euclidean plane and two-dimensional spheres},
  author = {Vsevolod Voronov and Anna Neopryatnaya and Eugene Dergachev},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2106.11824},
  year   = {2022}
}

Comments

20 pages, 12 figures. Fixed a few minor mistakes. Changes suggested by the reviewers have been made. Simplified some formulas

R2 v1 2026-06-24T03:28:20.712Z