English

Constraints on Kalb-Ramond Gravity from EHT Observations of Rotating Black Holes in Traceless Conformal Electrodynamics

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology 2025-09-23 v1 High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena

Abstract

We present a phenomenological study of rotating, charged black holes in Einstein gravity coupled to a traceless (conformal) matter sector formed by ModMax nonlinear electrodynamics and a Kalb-Ramond two-form that spontaneously breaks local Lorentz symmetry. Starting from a family of obtained static, Schwarzschild-like solutions with a traceless Kalb-Ramond sector, we construct the stationary, axisymmetric counterpart via the Newman-Janis algorithm. The resulting Newman-Kerr-like metric depends on four intrinsic parameters: the electric charge QQ, the ModMax nonlinearity γ\gamma, the Lorentz-violation amplitude \ell and the spin aa. We analyze horizon structure and separatrices in parameter space, derive the null geodesic equations and obtain the photon capture boundary that defines the black hole shadow. Using ray-tracing, we compute shadow silhouettes and a suite of shadow observables (areal radius, characteristic radius RsR_s, distortion δ\delta, oblateness DD) and show how γ\gamma and \ell produce qualitatively distinct effects: γ\gamma acts as a screening factor for the electromagnetic imprint, while \ell introduces angular-dependent metric rescalings that deform shadow shape beyond simple size rescaling. We confront model predictions with EHT angular-radius measurements for M87^* and Sgr A^* and derive conservative bounds on the combinations of (Q,γ,,a)(Q,\gamma,\ell,a). Our results identify an effective charge combination QeffeγQ2/(1)2Q_{\rm eff}\simeq e^{-\gamma}Q^{2}/(1-\ell)^{2} and demonstrate that modest QeffQ_{\rm eff} remains compatible with current EHT images while large QeffQ_{\rm eff} is progressively disfavored.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2509.16782,
  title  = {Constraints on Kalb-Ramond Gravity from EHT Observations of Rotating Black Holes in Traceless Conformal Electrodynamics},
  author = {Yassine Sekhmani and Kuantay Boshkayev and Mustapha Azreg-Aïnou and Sunil K. Maurya and Mohamed Altanji and Ainur Urazalina},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.16782},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

28 pages, 12 figures; 2 table