Connecting Primordial Star Forming Regions and Second Generation Star Formation in the Phoenix Simulations
Abstract
We introduce the {\em Phoenix Simulations}, a suite of highly resolved cosmological simulations featuring hydrodynamics, primordial gas chemistry, Population III and II star formation and feedback, UV radiative transfer, and saved outputs with =200 kyr. The suite samples 73,523 distinct primordial star formation events within \npiii distinct regions, forming \ngii second-generation enriched star clusters by within a cumulative 156.25 Mpc volume. The regions that lead to enriched star formation contain up to primordial stars, with 78.7 \% of regions having experienced multiple types of primordial supernovae. The extent of a primordial region, measured by its metal-rich surrounding cloud, is highly variable: the average region has radius kpc, with 95 \% confidence limit on the distribution of measured radii is kpc. For continuing star formation, we find that the metallicity distribution of second generation stars is similar to that of subsequent Population II star formation, with both distributions spanning hyper metal-deficient ([Z/H]) to super-solar ([Z/H]). We find that the metallicity of second generation stars has no strong dependence on the configuration of progenitor supernovae, with the mean metallicity of second-generation stars having [Z/H]. Finally, we create an interpretable regression model to predict the radius of metal-rich influence of \piii star systems within the first 7-18 Myr after the first light. The model predicts the radius with and mean squared error . The probability distribution function of predicted radii compares well to that of observed radii with Jensen-Shannon distance for all modelled times.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2111.10651,
title = {Connecting Primordial Star Forming Regions and Second Generation Star Formation in the Phoenix Simulations},
author = {Azton I. Wells and Michael L. Norman},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2111.10651},
year = {2022}
}